1. Globally, every five seconds, a person goesblind.
2. Nine out of every ten blind personslive in developing economies.
3. According to the National Health Policy document of the Government of India, 1983, “One of the basic human rights is the right to see”.
4. Despite this lofty aim, India’s blind population totals a whopping 12 million.

Women who use injectable form ofbirth control may have a complete disruption of normal menstrual cycle and can develop irregular bleeding that may lead to the absence of menstruation.
Rate of pregnancy after having avasectomy reversedranges from 30% to - 60% and the rate after having a tubal ligation reversed is about 40% - 80%. Uccess depends on many associated factors – a successful reversal does not gaurentee success with pregnancy

The most effective type ofperiodic abstinence birth controlis by checking the basal body temperature. The body temperature goes upo during ovulation – howeverit requires the use of a special thermometer.
Nonoxynol 9 is the active ingredient in spermicides. This chemical kills the sperms on contact. Pregnancy which results from failure of spermicides is not associated with an increased risk of fetal malformations.

It isnot advisable to use female and male condoms togethersince there is a fear of tearing the condoms.
People having alatex allergy can use condoms made of polyurethane or natural membrane.
Theprogestin patchis less effective in women weighing more than 198 pounds (kg).

Women who takeoral contraceptive pills are advised not tosmoke.Smoking increases the risk ofcardiovascular side effects, especially over the age of 35.
The pill is not a cancer causing butreduces the risk of ovarian and uterine cancer.
The risk of Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) among Intra- Uterine Devices (IUD) like coper T users is increased for the first 3 weeks after the insertion of IUD.
An IUD does not interfere with tampon. When properly inserted, it does not get dislodged during sex or cause any pain, and nor can the partner feel it.

Oral contraceptive pills remain the most popular type of birth control.They are 92-99.7% effective.But remember that they do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) and HIV.
There may be a slight delay to return back to fertility and pregnancy after stopping the oral contraceptive pill.
Estrogen in the birth control pills increases the risk of blood clots.Other effects produced by estrogen are nausea, fluid retention, breast tenderness, mood swings, and chloasma. Progestin in the pill may cause weight gain, nervousness, depression, tiredness and acne.

In United States, about40% women use permanent sterilization, 27% use oral contraceptive, 20% women use condoms, 3% use progestin injections and less than 1%women use intra-uterine devices (IUD’s).
Contraception failure rates rangefrom 5-27% for Rhythm and Withdrawal methods, 0.1-3% for oralcontraceptives and IUD’s, 1% for injection (Depo) and implants (Norplant).
Oral contraceptive pills remain the most popular type of birth control.They are 92-99.7% effective.But remember that they do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) and HIV.